The sunflower has the distinction of being the only important crop plant to have been domesticated in the USA. Helianthus (/ˌhiːliˈænθəs/)[3] is a genus of plants comprising about 70 species. Helianthus annuus ssp. Helianthus (/ ˌ h iː l i ˈ æ n θ ə s /) is a genus of plants comprising about 70 species. by Witt A, Luke Q]. Class Magnoliopsida: a dicotelydon: vascular bundles in ring formation, veins the plant and that show spiral bands in walls. Fish and Wildlife Service issued a final rule protecting it under the Endangered Species Act. They were first domesticated in what is now Mexico and the Southern United States. They grow to 1.8 m (6 ft) and are primarily found in woodlands, adjacent to creeks and moist, prairie-like areas. One species, H. radula, lacks ray flowers altogether. Fish and Wildlife Service Issues Final Rule Protecting Three Flowers", "Geogebra: Sunflowers are irrationally pretty", "Environmental analysis of sunflower production with different forms of mineral nitrogen fertilizers", "Life-cycle assessment of the soybean-sunflower production system in the Brazilian Cerrado", "Major producer countries of sunflower seed, 2018/2019", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Helianthus&oldid=980281477, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 25 September 2020, at 16:31. Steyerm. [ed. heads with 5 stamens, the heads often appear as the flowers when Good yields can be obtained with 500 mm of rainfall or irrigation water. water conducting cells, called tracheids, to conduct water throughout Elzebroek, T., Wind, K., 2008. usually radiate. specialized organelles within the cytoplasm. Kingdom [12] During growth, sunflowers tilt during the day to face the sun but stop once they begin blooming. [9], Sunflowers originate in the Americas. Helianthus annuus, the common sunflower, is a large annual forb of the genus Helianthus grown as a crop for its edible oil and edible fruits. category visit the the plant and that show spiral bands in walls. The base of the leaf blade is recurved as it joins a prominent petiole. As well as extraction of edible oil, seeds can be eaten raw or as salted or toasted snacks, and ground into a meal for using in bread and cakes, or they can be used as birdseed. The plant was first domesticated in the Americas. Guide to the naturalized and invasive plants of Eastern Africa, [ed. © Copyright 2020 CAB International. vi + 601 pp. Sunflower prefers the warm temperate regions, but is cultivated from 40°S to 55°N. datasets have provided data to the NBN Atlas for this species.. Browse the list of datasets and find organisations you can join if you are interested in participating in a survey for species like Helianthus annuus L. Frequently, in the southern regions, sunflowers are grown in the beginning of rainy seasons, and soybeans can then be planted in the summer. Sunflower is unsuitable for humid climates. Helianthus annuus var. A seedbed temperature of 25-30°C is best but should not be below 15°C. Several herbicides are registered for use with sunflower. Helianthus aridus Rydb. Wild sunflower seeds were an important source of food for Indians living in prehistoric times. More information about modern web browsers can be found at http://browsehappy.com/. texanus Heiser : Helianthus annuus var. Oil composition depends on temperature and can be 20-60% linoleic acid and 25-65% oleic acid, protein content is 15-20%. Upper leaves are smaller, broadly lance-shaped or ovate, and attach individually to the stem. The plant grows well at temperatures of 20-30°C, although a range of 8–34°C is tolerated. Species Helianthus annuus L. – common sunflower P Enter a scientific or common name at any rank. Witt, A., Luke, Q., 2017. For another layout of the classification information, as well as The plants are quite drought-resistant, except during the flowering period. Helianthus annuus, the common annual sunflower, is widespread in the USA and especially abundant west of the Mississippi River. For even further breakdown of why the sunflower belongs to each Phylogenetic Tree. Cockerell Wallingford, UK: CABI.vi + 601 pp. (*The family was formerly known as compositae, but it recently changed September 2008. are collected into heads surrounded by bracts, is filament free, no The current method has been shown to have positive environmental impacts. The disk flowers are typically darker yellow compared to the ray flowers. The cultivated sunflower is an erect, hardy, often unbranched, coarse, stout-stemmed annual herb, with a varying height up to 4 m. The stem is robust, circular in section, 3-6 cm in diameter, curved below the head, and woody when mature. September 2008. Genus Helianthus annuus, llamado comúnmente girasol, calom, jáquima, maravilla, mirasol, tlapololote, maíz de teja, acahual (del náhuatl atl, agua y cahualli, dejado, abandonado) o flor de escudo (del náhuatl chimali, escudo y xochitl, flor), es una planta herbácea anual de la familia de las asteráceas originaria de Centro y Norteamérica y cultivada como alimenticia, oleaginosa y ornamental en todo el mundo. Helianthus annuus: leaves and stems are green, stems usually erect, The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available.
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