Planning for dry conditions over the long-term is the most effective way to prepare for drought and other downturns.NSW Department of Primary Industries, working with the independent The CDI combines meteorological, hydrological and agronomic definitions of drought using indexes for Used together, these indexes can indicate the five As drought is an inevitable feature in our landscape, it is considered in the same light as other risks to farm businesses. Average daytime temperatures ranged from 30°C near the coast to upwards of 45°C in the northwest, with anomalies of over 6°C.
That shift, though, comes as little consolation for farmers now reliant on winter harvests.Evaporation, which depends more on sunlight and relative humidity than temperature, is typically higher in summer so run-off into dams will be less than if it rained in winter.More summer rain "should green up the landscape because plants have more water when they need it most but it will dry up our rivers", Professor Roderick says.While it's not clear how annual rainfall totals will change in a warming world, future droughts will be hotter when they do arrive, says Ben Henley, a climate researcher at the University of Melbourne. Is this the new normal? Some areas report record poor rains.For Australia's food bowl, the Murray-Darling Basin, rainfall has averaged 887 millimetres over the 34 months to the end of October. And what is the role of climate change?Drought is about what's missing – rain. "They’ve never really had two failed winters in a row. This heatwave exacerbated the effects of ongoing dryness or further compromised the ability of areas that have received rainfall to make any significant improvements. In NSW, it is just about all of the state – 98.4 per cent, according to the government. With the exception of the Central Tablelands, South East and part of the Central West, which still exhibit slight wetter trends, most regions have shifted towards drying trends.Changes in the individual drought indicators may have occurred since this update was released.
In contrast, some areas in the northern and central tablelands were exposed to intense storm activity that provided isolated 20 year record breaking January rainfall. During this time, NSW had 5 consecutive days where the Statewide-averaged daily maximum temperature was 40 °C or higher, with many individual sites also exceeding daily overnight temperature records.More information about January 2019 temperatures can be found in the The frequency of dust storms increased across many regions including a severe dust storm which affected the Riverina LLS on 8 January. That shift, though, comes as little consolation for farmers now reliant on winter harvests.Evaporation, which depends more on sunlight and relative humidity than temperature, is typically higher in summer so run-off into dams will be less than if it rained in winter.More summer rain "should green up the landscape because plants have more water when they need it most but it will dry up our rivers", Professor Roderick says.While it's not clear how annual rainfall totals will change in a warming world, future droughts will be hotter when they do arrive, says Ben Henley, a climate researcher at the University of Melbourne. Queensland's latest government estimate is that two-thirds of the state is affected by drought. There has been no break from drought conditions in the west of the state, further prolonging this severe event for many producers. How severe is this drought? You may copy, distribute and otherwise freely deal with this publication for any purpose, provided that you attribute the NSW Department of Primary Industries as the owner.Disclaimer: The information contained in this publication is based on knowledge and understanding at the time of writing (January 2019). A whole-of-government response to drought has been introduced to ensure coordination of service delivery to the broader rural community.The NSW Drought Strategy encourages primary producers to plan ahead in normal conditions to prepare and build in flexibility to deal with adverse conditions.The NSW Government works with industry and stakeholders to enhance farmers' drought preparedness through a NSW Government responses to drought complement Commonwealth assistance measures, and are aligned with the Intergovernmental Agreement on Drought Program Reform.The NSW Drought Interagency Working Group ensures a whole-of-government approach is taken to drought policy and the implementation of the NSW Drought Strategy.The working group draws on a range of regional networks to:The working group meets every two months or as required, and comprises representatives from:The working group is chaired by the NSW Department of Primary Industries.During the second half of the 19th century increased population and droughts led to increasing the intensity of farming and attempts to 'drought proof' agriculture through the expansion of irrigation.While there are localised drought events in parts of the state or country, the most recent major drought events were:In addition to these multi-year droughts, there have been a number of short, intense droughts (e.g., 1914-1915, 1965-1967, 1982-1983).The current drought began in NSW in mid - 2017 and it is equivalent to a major drought event on the long term historical record (100 years). "One smoking gun is that rainforests are now burning," he says.Weather in Australia is being influenced by a pattern known as a positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), which reduces the chances for convection and the formation of north-west cloud bands that typically bring good rains to inland Australia, especially the Murray-Darling Basin.This IOD pattern typically starts to break down by November's end as the northern monsoon arrives. That's "clearly the lowest on record", says David Jones, manager of climate services at the weather bureau.Record heat has compounded the stress. The farm dam survey indicates that water levels in the North Coast and Northern Tablelands may have declined since the last update on 8 December.
Typically, cloud levels would be well above average during an El Niño event.Trade winds have been weaker than average, or even reversed over the western Pacific. And the Dubbo region has been the hardest hit area of the Central West.
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